The best starting point for any implementation is to understand an overview picture of what the process looks like.
In this simple diagram, I have tried to make it as easy as possible. First the saturated brine solution is made (regular NaCl powder or Rock salt is used). The goal is to make sure we have at least 300 grams of salt per 1 litter of Solution.
Next the solution goes through filter press to get rid of physical impurities.
Through multiple chemical addition and settling periods, majority of chemical impurities such as Calcium and Magnesium are precipitated and separated.
At this point, brine needs to be heated up in order to go through ion-exchange columns for super purification. In this section, the goal is to get the brine hardness (Ca+Mg) down to 0.02 ppm. In another word, the brine needs to have almost no hardness left in it. Ion exchange columns use high- tech resins to substitue Ca and Mg ions with Na ions.
Next the purified resin goes through mico filters and are ready to be used in the electrolyser cells.
Heated brine and 28% w/w NaOH solution enter two sides of the cell (Anode and Cathodes).
Chlorine and Hydrogen gases and also thicker NaOH solution (~32% w/w) and thiner brine (210 g/L) exit the system.
Some of the NaOH solution will be used in the cycle by adding water and thining it to 28% w/w. The brine solution needs to be decholorinated before going to the beginning of the line for saturation. Cl2 and NaOH could be used to make different byproducts such as Ferric Chloride (FeCl3) used in water treatment, Bleach (NaOCl) used as a whitening, disinfecting agent in both household and industrial use. The is an overview and needless to say each section has lots of smaller processes that need control and have their own suffistications.
In this simple diagram, I have tried to make it as easy as possible. First the saturated brine solution is made (regular NaCl powder or Rock salt is used). The goal is to make sure we have at least 300 grams of salt per 1 litter of Solution.
Next the solution goes through filter press to get rid of physical impurities.
Through multiple chemical addition and settling periods, majority of chemical impurities such as Calcium and Magnesium are precipitated and separated.
At this point, brine needs to be heated up in order to go through ion-exchange columns for super purification. In this section, the goal is to get the brine hardness (Ca+Mg) down to 0.02 ppm. In another word, the brine needs to have almost no hardness left in it. Ion exchange columns use high- tech resins to substitue Ca and Mg ions with Na ions.
Next the purified resin goes through mico filters and are ready to be used in the electrolyser cells.
Heated brine and 28% w/w NaOH solution enter two sides of the cell (Anode and Cathodes).
Chlorine and Hydrogen gases and also thicker NaOH solution (~32% w/w) and thiner brine (210 g/L) exit the system.
Some of the NaOH solution will be used in the cycle by adding water and thining it to 28% w/w. The brine solution needs to be decholorinated before going to the beginning of the line for saturation. Cl2 and NaOH could be used to make different byproducts such as Ferric Chloride (FeCl3) used in water treatment, Bleach (NaOCl) used as a whitening, disinfecting agent in both household and industrial use. The is an overview and needless to say each section has lots of smaller processes that need control and have their own suffistications.
No comments:
Post a Comment